Influence of Climate Change on Dengue Fever Incidences in the Asian Region: A Rapid Review
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Abstract
Influence of Climate Change on Dengue Fever Incidences in the Asian Region: A Rapid Review
Introduction
Dengue fever (DF) is a tropical viral disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti. DF poses a burden on healthcare systems. Dengue incidence has increased significantly in recent decades, from 505 430 cases in 2000 to 5.2 million in 2019. Temperatures above regional threshold levels are conducive to the life cycle of dengue vectors. Hence, our rapid review aims to synthesize the relationship between climate change, particularly heatwaves and DF incidence in Asia.
Methods
We completed a literature search on 8th March 2024 using the Ovid Medline database. The search strategy included: (“heatwave” OR “extreme weather” OR “climate change” OR “temperature”) AND ("dengue fever” OR “dengue hemorrhagic fever” OR “dengue infection"). Studies classified as time series and cases associated with heatwaves and dengue are included.
Results
Out of 442 studies, 41 studies were included in our final analysis. 31 (75.6%) showed a positive correlation between temperature and dengue incidence. In comparison, 6 studies (14.6%) had a negative correlation while 4 studies (9.8%) showed no significant association. In East Asia, all 14 studies exhibited a positive correlation. In South Asia, a positive correlation was observed in 6 of 8 studies, whereas in Southeast Asia, 11 of 19 studies demonstrated a positive correlation. In 11 studies with relative risk data, dengue incidence increased by 38.9% (95% CI 0.73-3.41) with each 1°C rise in temperature.
Conclusion
In conclusion, dengue incidence increases when temperature increases, primarily in East Asia. This is important in establishing early warning systems that involve interdisciplinary collaboration with health and meteorological departments. Limitations include selection bias in geographical aspects throughout the screening process and other climatic confounding factors. Further studies are needed to determine the climatic causality and to uncover other social determinants affecting dengue incidence.
Keywords
Climate change; Dengue fever; Heatwave; High Temperature; Asia
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
© Journal of Asian Medical Students’ Association (JAMSA). Released under a Creative Commons license.
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