Comparison of Colorectal cancer prognosis between developed and developing countries: A literature review. Colorectal cancer prognosis
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Abstract
Background: The cancer is caused when cells start dividing abnormally in the body. Age, genetics and lifestyle are major risk factors in developing cancer. The World Cancer Research Fund states that colorectal cancer incidence is globally ranked third in men and second in women. This highlights the need for effective screening and management of colorectal cancer to achieve better prognosis to prevent mortality and morbidity. Screening and management are not uniform all over the world, and it is affected by the economy of individual countries. In this context, we aimed to explore the prognosis of colorectal cancer in developed and developing countries and also to look for the factors affecting the prognosis.
Material and Methods: A systematic search of the peer-reviewed journals from databases at Perdana University library which includes British Medical Journal, Up To Date, The Lancet, and Pubmed was done to answer the research questions.
Results: We found that developed countries were in the west having a predominantly Caucasian population. The 5-year survival of patients with colorectal cancer (2008-13) was found to be least in Poland and the highest in Australia. In the developing countries it was found to have a broad representation from different ethnicities. The 5-year survival of colorectal cancer fwas ound to be least in Ghana and highest in Turkey.
Conclusion: Looking at the results, the range of prognosis among developed countries is narrower than those in developing countries. This may be due to standardized screening and treatment practice in developed countries.
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