Assessing the Knowledge, Approach, and Practices on Climate Change and Water-Borne Diseases Among the Youth (Adolescents)

Abstract

Background:

Mongolia's climate has undergone significant changes, with the average annual air temperature rising by 2.24°C over the past 80 years. Climate change has exacerbated the vulnerability of the health sector, as indicated by a risk assessment projecting high-risk status for 2024–2065. Flood disasters are increasing, along with cases of water-borne infectious diseases like diarrhea, necessitating an evaluation of adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding these challenges.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional study involved 103 adolescents aged 10–19 years. Data collection utilized the WASH questionnaire and a customized 14-item survey to assess perceptions of climate change. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS-26.0, employing mean comparisons and quadrant testing.

Result: 

Key findings revealed that 54% of participants viewed climate change positively, believing in collective responsibility to address its impacts, whereas 16% expressed skepticism, deeming it an unchangeable issue. No significant correlation was found between climate change perceptions and participants' income levels (p=0.160). The average family size was five, with 12.6% of participants reporting one to four family members experiencing diarrhea. Regarding water-borne diseases, 21% of respondents demonstrated insufficient knowledge about safe drinking water practices. Among those with sufficient knowledge, 61% relied on online sources for information. However, no significant association was observed between knowledge, hygiene practices, and diarrhea prevalence (p=0.510).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, fostering healthy habits and disseminating accurate information—particularly through online platforms—are crucial for reducing diarrhea incidence and improving public health resilience. By leveraging digital media to inform and educate, future generations can develop better practices and attitudes to combat climate change and water-borne diseases effectively.